ALUMINIUM SULFATE BASIC (flocculant) 25%, L

Parameter	Attribute
Aluminium sulfate	Filtration alum, alugenite, aluminum sulfate, aluminium sulphate, cake alum, filter alum, papermaker's alum
Formula	Al2(SO4)3
Structure
IUPAC	Aluminium sulfate
INCI	ALUMINIUM SULFATE
CAS	10043-01-3
Molar mass	342,15 g/mol
Density	1,20-1,30 g/cm3 (solution)
Solubility	In water 31.2 g/100 mL (0 °C) 36.4 g/100 mL (20 °C) 89.0 g/100 mL (100 °C)

Aluminium sulphate is mainly used as a coagulant for clarification of natural waters for industry and human consumption, wastewater treatment, and in the paper industry. Granular aluminium sulphate and its solution are non-flammable, non-explosive and have weak acidic properties.

In horticulture, aluminium sulfate is sometimes used to lower the pH of horticultural soils as it hydrolyses to form a precipitate of aluminium hydroxide and a dilute sulfuric acid solution. For example, a gardener can add aluminium sulfate to the soil to lower the pH, which in turn will cause hydrangea flowers to change to a different color (blue). Aluminium turns flowers blue; at higher pH levels, aluminium becomes unavailable to the plant. It can also be very effective as a molluscicide against Spanish slugs in gardens and vegetable gardens.

In the construction industry, it is used as a waterproofing agent and curing accelerator in concrete. Another use is as a foaming agent in foam extinguishing, i.e. as an anti-foaming agent.

In animal husbandry, aluminium sulphate is used in animal feed as a bactericide to prevent spoilage and keep feed fresher for longer.

In water treatment, aluminium sulphate is used as a coagulant for swimming pools, i.e. when positively charged ions enter the water, they attract negatively charged ions and the coagulation process begins. Many of these particles are coagulated and retained in the filter. However, even some of the coagulated materials may be too small to be retained by the filters (especially sand filters), so flocculants are used as the next step. The recommended dosage is 20-50 g of aluminium sulfate per 10 m3 of water.

In cosmetics, aluminium sulfate can be used in make-up, neck and facial care products, personal care products, as a deodorant, as an astringent or as an antiseptic for superficial shaving wounds. Aluminium sulfate causes a stretching or tingling sensation in the skin. It also astringes or contracts body tissues, which effectively stops the flow of blood or other secretions. Aluminium sulfate can also reduce or eliminate unpleasant odors and prevent the formation of such odors in the skin.

In the textile industry, when dissolved in large quantities of neutral or slightly alkaline water, aluminium sulphate produces a precipitate of the gelatinous aluminium hydroxide Al(OH)₃. When dyeing and printing on fabric, the gelatine precipitate helps the dye to adhere to the fibers of the garment, making the pigment insoluble. With aluminium sulfate, the suspended impurities are concentrated into larger particles and are more easily deposited at the bottom of the container (or filtered out). This process is called coagulation or flocculation.

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