TRISODIUM PHOSPHATE DODECAHYDRATE, TSP (tech grade), kg

Parameter	Attribute
Trisodium phosphate	Tribase sodium phosphate, TSP, Trisodium orthophosphate
Formula	Na3PO4
Structure
IUPAC	Trisodium phosphate
INCI	TRISODIUM PHOSPHATE
CAS	10101-89-0
Molar mass	611,7704 g/mol
Density	1.62 g/cm3
Solubility	dodecahydrate: 28.3 g/100 mL (20 °C)

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is also known as sodium phosphate or sodium orthophosphate.

In the cleaning industry, trisodium phosphate is used both as a main ingredient and as an auxiliary ingredient. A 1% solution gives a pH of 12, i.e. a highly alkaline solution which is capable of reacting with (saponifying) grease and can therefore be used for cleaning a wide range of surfaces that are resistant to alkaline media. Recently, the use of TSP has been restricted due to the eutrophication caused by phosphates. Trisodium phosphate is used for secondary cleaning of surfaces after the surface has been cleaned with solvents or petroleum-based cleaners. TSP can be used with sodium hypochlorite without dangerous reactions. A mixture of TSP with active chlorine is effective for cleaning fungi but less effective for cleaning moulds.

In metalworking, trisodium phosphate is used as a flux in the welding of high strength joints in medical grade copper pipe systems. The flux is used as a concentrated solution to dissolve copper oxides that are formed when copper systems are fused. The residue is water-soluble and can be easily washed off before the system is used. TSP can be used as a component in other fluxes that are designed to remove oxygen from non-iron alloys during smelting.

In ceramics, TSP can be used as a component to improve flowability by lowering the melting temperature and liquefying the melt.

In painting, trisodium phosphate is used as a wall surface preparation agent, which breaks down the grease film in oil/enamel paints and opens the pores in concrete for latex/rubber paints. This improves the adhesion of the primer or paint to the surface and makes the prepared paint/primer layer more durable.

In the food industry it is used as acidity regulator E339. It imparts a milder flavor to products, gives baked goods a quicker and richer browning, and helps to achieve a soft and moist interior and a crisp exterior. A strong bitterness is produced if higher doses or longer baking times are used.

In sports nutrition, trisodium phosphate is used as a muscle strength and endurance enhancer, which contributes to better performance. The phosphate ion is thought to be involved in the Krebs cycle and helps release energy during aerobic metabolism. It is also incorporated into the structure of DNA, making it easier for cells to grow. The non-toxic nature of TSP, the fact that it is not classified as a doping agent or preparation, and the fact that there is no way to distinguish between natural and supplemented TSP, makes it even more attractive in sports nutrition. Higher intakes may cause gastrointestinal disturbances.

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