Parameter | Attribute |
Potassium methylate | K-methylate, potassium methoxide, potassium methylate in methanol, potassium methanolate |
Formula | CH3OK |
Structure | |
IUPAC | Potassium Methylate |
INCI | - |
CAS | 865-33-8 |
Molar mass | 70,132 g/mol |
Density | 0.993 g/cm3 |
Solubility | Miscible with water and oils |
Potassium methoxide is an alkoxide of methanol with a potassium counterion and is used as a strong base and as a catalyst for re-esterification, especially in the production of biodiesel.
In the fuel industry, the use of potassium methoxide is as the main peresterification catalyst in the synthesis of biodiesel (25-32% methanol solution). Potassium methylate is used as an alkaline catalyst in small and large tonnage organic synthesis, especially in peresterification reactions. Solid potassium methylate and its solution in methanol is produced at a rate of 30-33 % by weight. The production of biodiesel catalysed by alkaline metal methylate has been increasing steadily in recent years. The use of alcoholate instead of hydroxide allows a 10 % increase in biodiesel yield. The use of potassium methylate is 18 kg per tonne of biodiesel. Triglycerides of plant and animal origin react with methanol in the presence of alkali metal methanolates to form the corresponding fat methyl esters. Potassium methoxide makes it easier to formulate fatty soaps than the cheaper sodium methoxide (where the potassium salts of the fatty acids are derived from the triglycerides), and the use of potassium methoxide gives a higher yield. The optimum conditions for the production of biodiesel from rapeseed oil have been reported to be 1,59 % by weight of potassium methoxide, a reaction temperature of 50 °C and a methanol/oil ratio of 4,5:1. The biodiesel yield is 95,8 % at a fatty acid content of 0,75 % by weight. As a result, potassium methylate catalyst is used wherever the cost requires, with cheaper raw products such as animal fats or used cooking oil (cooking fat) being used instead of pure vegetable oils.
In the chemical industry, potassium methylate is used as a condenser in the production of methyl formate, dimethyl carbonate, a strong basic catalyst for dimethylformamide. It can be used in the production of sulfonamides (such as sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxine, sulfamethoxine, sulfamethazine, etc.), trimethoprim, methanol, vitamin A, vitamin B1, and other pharmaceuticals, and in the production of pesticides. Used as a catalyst for the treatment of edible fats and edible oils, and as a tanning agent for leather.
In laboratories, potassium methylate is used to determine the ozone content of air by calorimetry. It is also used to determine the ozone content of water.
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Hazard icons: |
Danger phrases: H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapour H301 Toxic by ingestion. H311 Toxic in contact with skin. H314 Severely burns skin and damages eyes. H331 Toxic by inhalation H370 Harmful to organs |
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