POLYSORBATE 80, 97%, L

Parameter	Attribute
Polysorbate 80	Montanox 80, Alkest TW 80, Tween 80, PS 80
Formula	C64H124O26
Structure
IUPAC	Polyoxyethylene (80) sorbitan monooleate
INCI	POLYSORBATE 80
CAS	9005-65-6
Molar mass	1310 g/mol
Density	1.10 g/mL 20 °C
Solubility	Soluble in water, alcohols, glycerol ethers, glycols, esters, ketones, aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons.

Polysorbate 80 is a polysorbate-type non-ionic surfactant formed by ethoxylation of sorbitan before the addition of oleic acid. Its stability and relative non-toxicity allow it to be used as a detergent and emulsifier in a wide range of household, scientific and pharmacological applications.

In cosmetics, polysorbate 80 is a general-purpose hydrophilic, non-ionic surfactant. Polysorbates are used in a variety of products including skin fresheners, skin care products, skin cleansing products, make-up foundations and bases, shampoos, permanent waves and fragrance powders. Polysorbate ingredients help other ingredients dissolve in a solvent in which they would not normally dissolve. They also help to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of emulsified materials. Polysorbates have high hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) values, indicating that they will work by dispersing the oil in the water rather than the water in the oil. Many emulsifiers have HLB values ranging from 1.8 to 18.6 and polysorbates from 9.6 to 16.7. Due to their non-ionic nature, polysorbates are relatively insensitive to hard water and electrolytes and can be used in both acidic and basic formulations. It can also be used as a solubilising agent for a variety of substances, including essential oils and oil-soluble vitamins, and as a wetting agent in the formation of oral and parenteral suspensions. It has been found to be useful in improving the bioavailability of drug molecules that are P-glycoprotein substrates.

In the food industry, polysorbate 80 is used as a humectant in flavoured mouth drops such as ice drops, helping to disperse other ingredients such as SD alcohol and mint flavour. Polysorbate is almost universally used in the food industry and has been approved by the FDA as a direct and indirect food additive for human consumption, subject to certain restrictions. Polysorbate 80 is approved for direct use in all types of food as a synthetic flavouring. It is approved for indirect addition to all foods as an adhesive component. For example, polysorbate is added to ice cream in concentrations of up to 0,5 % to make the ice cream softer and easier to handle and to increase its resistance to melting. The addition of this substance prevents milk proteins from completely coating the fat droplets. This allows them to form chains and networks which trap air in the mixture and give a firmer texture that holds its shape as the ice cream melts.

In the home, philatelists use polysorbate 80 to remove stamps from postage stamps and to remove stamp residue without damaging the stamp itself.

In industry, polysorbate 80 is also used as a wetting agent in the manufacture of rubber presses in the elastomer industry. Polysorbate 80 has been used as a form-directing agent in the synthesis of spheroidal magnetite nanocells. They are used in the textile industry as antistatic agents, fibre lubricants and finishing emulsifiers.

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